1946年3月,马歇尔返回华盛顿向杜鲁门汇报工作,杜鲁门把他作为一个英雄来迎接。马歇尔在一次新闻发布会上说,中国领导人“成功地终止了过去二十年的敌对行动”。他说,国共双方“现在正忙于遣散大批军队并把剩下的军队统一整编成一支中央军队”。
马歇尔的诚意是无可争议的。他是一个诚实的人,心直口快,不会去粉饰困难。毛泽东因其“枪杆子里出政权”的论述而闻名遐迩是有道理的——他的这个精辟论点指导着中国共产党人去拥有自己的军队,绝对不能只相信和平的政治斗争。但马歇尔显然真的相信,如果能给共产党人保证他们能得到真正的民主制度的话,中共是会放弃他们独立的军队的。“这是非常了不起的,”他在新闻发布会上说,“我们能够这么快就理顺了原先看起来似乎是不可能的条件,而这些条件在中国人民身上有着悲剧效应。”
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